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empty itself

Толкование Перевод

1 empty

1. adjective
1) leer; frei [Sitz, Parkplatz]

empty of something — ohne etwas

2) (coll.): (hungry)

I feel a bit empty — ich bin ein bisschen hungrig

3) (fig.) (foolish) dumm; hohl [Kopf]; (meaningless) leer
2. noun
(bottle) leere Flasche; (container) leerer Behälter
3. transitive verb
1) (remove contents of) leeren; (finish using contents of) aufbrauchen; (eat/drink whole contents of) leer essen [Teller]/leeren [Glas]

2) (transfer) umfüllen ( into in + Akk.); (pour) schütten ( over über + Akk.)
4. intransitive verb
1) (become empty) sich leeren

2) (discharge)

empty into — [Fluss, Abwasserkanal:] münden in (+ Akk.)

* * *
['empti] 1. adjective
1) (having nothing inside: an empty box; an empty cup.) leer

2) (unoccupied: an empty house.) leer

3) ((with of) completely without: a street quite empty of people.) leer

4) (having no practical result; (likely to be) unfulfilled: empty threats.) leer
2. verb
1) (to make or become empty: He emptied the jug; The cinema emptied quickly at 10.30; He emptied out his pockets.) leeren

2) (to tip, pour, or fall out of a container: She emptied the milk into a pan; The rubbish emptied on to the ground.) (sich) entleeren
3. noun
(an empty bottle etc: Take the empties back to the shop.) das Leergut

- academic.ru/24080/emptiness">emptiness
- empty-handed
- empty-headed
* * *

emp·ty

[ˈem(p)ti]

I. adj

1. (with nothing inside) leer; (with no people) ship, train leer; house, flat leer stehend attr; castle unbewohnt; (without cargo) unbeladen; (unfurnished) unmöbliert; (not taken) chair frei

the larder was \empty of food in der Speisekammer waren keine Lebensmittel mehr

you shouldn't drink alcohol on an \empty stomach du solltest auf nüchternen Magen keinen Alkohol trinken

\empty of people menschenleer

to stare into \empty space ins Leere starren

2. FOOD nährstoffarm

\empty calories wertlose Kalorien

3. ( fig: without purpose, meaning) leer, nichtssagend

her life felt \empty ihr Leben fühlte sich leer an

to lead an \empty existence ein armseliges Leben führen

\empty gestures/promises/threats/words leere Gesten/Versprechungen/Drohungen/Worte

\empty talk hohles Gerede

II. vt

<- ie->

▪ to \empty sth etw [ent]leeren

he emptied the bath er ließ das Wasser aus der Badewanne

he emptied the contents of the tin into the saucepan er schüttete den Inhalt der Dose in den Kochtopf

to \empty one's bladder/bowels seine Blase/seinen Darm entleeren

to \empty a bottle eine Flasche ausleeren

to \empty a house ein Haus räumen; ( hum) burglar ein Haus leer räumen

to \empty sth into the sink etw in den Ausguss [o SCHWEIZ Schüttstein] [o SCHWEIZ Spültrog] schütten

III. vi

<- ie->

sich akk leeren; water auslaufen; river münden

IV. n

▪ empties pl Leergut nt

* * *
['emptI]
1. adj (+er)

1) leer; (= unoccupied) house leer stehend attr; seat, chair, space, place frei

apart from them the room was empty — außer ihnen war niemand im Zimmer

there were no empty seats on the bus —

she was staring into empty space — sie starrte ins Leere

the house was just an empty shell — das Haus bestand nur aus nackten Mauern

on an empty stomach — mit leerem Magen; take drug, drink alcohol auf leeren Magen

to be running on empty (person, organization etc) — am Ende sein

my car is running on empty — ich habe kein Benzin mehr

empty vessels make the most sound (Prov) — die am wenigsten zu sagen haben, reden am meisten

See:

→ also empty-headed, empty-handed

2)

(= devoid) the parks are empty of children —

she was left empty of feeling — sie hatte keine Gefühle mehr

a sentence empty of sense — ein sinnloser Satz

empty of all expression — völlig ausdruckslos

3) (fig: meaningless, dreary) words, phrase, marriage, gesture, promise, threat, feeling leer; dream, hope verloren; life, days, weeks leer, unausgefüllt; (= expressionless) face, expression, eyes leer, ausdruckslos

empty rhetoric — leeres Gerede

an empty exercise — eine leere Formalität

to feel empty — ein leeres Gefühl or ein Gefühl nt

that empty feeling — dieses leere Gefühl, dieses Gefühl der Leere

2. n usu pl

empties — Leergut nt

3. vt

1) leeren; container (ent)leeren; box, room ausräumen; house räumen; glass, bottle leeren; (by drinking) austrinken; pond, tank ablassen, leeren; lorry abladen

her singing emptied the hall in ten minutes flat —

the burglars emptied the shop — die Einbrecher haben den Laden ausgeräumt

2) (= pour) liquid, contents ausgießen, leeren

he emptied it into another container — er goss es in ein anderes Gefäß um

4. vi
(water) auslaufen, abfließen; (rivers) münden, sich ergießen (liter) (into in +acc); (theatre, streets) sich leeren
the sink is not emptying properly — der Ausguss läuft nicht richtig ab

* * *

empty [ˈemptı]

A adj (adv emptily)

1. leer:

feel empty

a) sich (innerlich) leer fühlen,

b) umg Kohldampf schieben;

empty nesters Eltern, deren Kinder (erwachsen und) aus dem Haus sind;

empty-nest syndrome PSYCH Syndrom, das dann auftritt, wenn die Kinder (erwachsen und) aus dem Haus sind; → stomach A 1, vessel 1

2. leer (stehend), unbewohnt:

stand empty leer stehen

3. leer, unbeladen:

empty weight Eigen-, Leergewicht n

4. empty of ohne (akk):

empty of joy freudlos;

empty of meaning nichtssagend;

empty of traffic leer

5. fig leer, nichtssagend, inhaltslos:

empty promises leere Versprechungen;

empty talk leeres oder hohles Gerede

B v/t

1. (aus)leeren, entleeren, leer machen, ein Fach etc ausräumen, einen Lastwagen etc abladen, eine Pfeife ausklopfen:

empty one’s bladder die Blase entleeren

2. ein Glas etc leeren, leer trinken, austrinken, einen Teller etc leeren, leer essen

3. ein Haus etc räumen

4. schütten, leeren, gießen ( alle:

into in akk)

5. empty itself → C 2

6. berauben (of gen):

empty sth of its importance einer Sache ihre Bedeutung nehmen

C v/i

1. leer werden, sich leeren

2. sich ergießen, münden ( beide:

into the sea ins Meer)

D s leerer Behälter, besonders leere Flasche, pl auch Leergut n

* * *
1. adjective
1) leer; frei [Sitz, Parkplatz]

empty of something — ohne etwas

2) (coll.): (hungry)

I feel a bit empty — ich bin ein bisschen hungrig

3) (fig.) (foolish) dumm; hohl [Kopf]; (meaningless) leer
2. noun
(bottle) leere Flasche; (container) leerer Behälter
3. transitive verb
1) (remove contents of) leeren; (finish using contents of) aufbrauchen; (eat/drink whole contents of) leer essen [Teller]/leeren [Glas]

2) (transfer) umfüllen ( into in + Akk.); (pour) schütten ( over über + Akk.)
4. intransitive verb
1) (become empty) sich leeren

2) (discharge)

empty into — [Fluss, Abwasserkanal:] münden in (+ Akk.)

* * *

adj.

inhaltslos adj.

leer adj. v.

ausleeren v.

leeren v.

English-german dictionary > empty
2 Empty

v. trans.

P. and V. κενοῦν, ἐκκενοῦν (Plat.), ἐρημοῦν, ἐξερημοῦν, V. ἐκκεινοῦν.

Drain (a cup, etc.): P. and V. ἐκπίνειν (Plat., Sym. 214^A; Soph., frag.), Ar. ῥοφεῖν.

Empty over one: Ar. and P. κατασκεδαννύναι (τί τινος or τι κατά τινος), καταχεῖν (τί τινος); see Pour.

V. intrans. Empty itself ( of a river): P. ἐκβάλλειν, ἐξιέναι (ἐξίημι).

Empty itself into: P. ἐμβάλλειν εἰς (acc.).

——————

adj.

P. and V. κενός, P. διάκενος.

Desolate: P. and V. ἐρῆμος. Vain, useless: P. and V. μάταιος, κενός, ἀνωφελής, V. ἀνωφέλητος (also Xen.); see Vain.

Empty of: P. and V. κενός (gen.), ἐρῆμος (gen.).

Empty of men: V. κένανδρος.

Woodhouse English-Greek dictionary. A vocabulary of the Attic language > Empty
3 ♦ empty

♦ empty /ˈɛmptɪ/
A a.

1 vuoto: an empty house, una casa vuota; empty cups, tazze vuote

2 (fig.) vuoto; vacuo; vano; inutile: empty words, parole vuote; empty promises, promesse vane; empty threats, vane minacce; My life felt empty, la mia vita mi pareva vuota

3 ( di posto, ecc.) vacante; libero

4 – empty of, privo di; senza: empty of traffic, privo di traffico; a room empty of furniture, una stanza senza mobili

5 (mat.) vuoto

B n.

(recipiente, imballaggio, ecc.) vuoto: to return the empties, restituire i vuoti

● empty-handed, a mani vuote ( anche fig.) □ empty-headed, sciocco □ (ferr.) empty journey, percorso a vagone vuoto □ (fam.) empty-nester, genitore con i figli grandi usciti di casa □ (comput.) empty string, stringa vuota □ empty weight, peso a vuoto ( di un veicolo) □ (ling.) empty word, parola priva di significato ma con una funzione grammaticale □ on an empty stomach, a stomaco vuoto; a digiuno.
(to) empty /ˈɛmptɪ/
A v. t.

1 vuotare; svuotare: to empty one's glass, vuotare il bicchiere; to empty ( out) one's pockets, vuotarsi le tasche; to empty a bucket into a tank, svuotare un secchio (o versare il contenuto di un secchio) in una cisterna; The house had been emptied of all its furniture, la casa era stata sgombrata di tutti i mobili

2 versare, rovesciare (il contenuto di qc.); svuotare: He emptied out the contents of his suitcase, ha svuotato la valigia

3 (fig.) svuotare; privare: to empty a sentence of all meaning, svuotare una frase di ogni significato

B v. i.

1 vuotarsi: The piazza emptied in no time, la piazza si vuotò in un baleno

2 ( anche to empty out) ( dell'acqua) scaricarsi; defluire

3 ( di fiume) sboccare; sfociare: The Po river empties ( itself) into the Adriatic sea, il Po sfocia nel mare Adriatico.

English-Italian dictionary > ♦ empty
4 itself

itself [ɪtˊself] pron (pl themselves; о предметах и животных)

1) refl. себя́; -ся, -сь; себе́;

the light went out of itself свет пога́с
;

by itself само́, отде́льно
;

in itself само́ по себе́, по свое́й приро́де
;

of itself само́ по себе́, без свя́зи с други́ми явле́ниями

2) emph. сам, само́, сама́;

she is kindness itself она́ сама́ доброта́
;

even the well itself was empty да́же в коло́дце не́ было ни ка́пли воды́

Англо-русский словарь Мюллера > itself
5 empty

ˈemptɪ порожняя тара - returned empties возвращенные пустые бутылки, банки и т. п. - empties returned (коммерческое) обратная тара - empties to be returned( коммерческое) тара, подлежащая возврату порожний вагон, грузовик pl (железнодорожное) порожняк пустой, незаполненный, порожний - * box пустой ящик - * combs сушь( пустые пчелиные соты) - * goal гол, забитый в пустые ворота - the room was nearly * of furniture в комнате не было почти никакой мебели - a bottle * of wine пустая винная бутылка необитаемый, нежилой( о доме, и т. п.) без груза, порожний (о транспорте) (техническое) без нагрузки, холостой - * weight собственный вес( автомобиля и т. п.) (физическое) вакантный, незанятый, незаполненный пустопорожний, бессодержательный - * talk пустые разговоры, переливание из пустого в порожнее - * promises пустые обещания - words * of meaning слова, не имеющие никакого смысла легковесный, несерьезный( о замысле и т. п.) легкомысленный, пустой ( о человеке) (разговорное) голодный, с пустым желудком - to feel * проголодаться - on an * stomach натощак, на голодный желудок - * stomachs голодный люд, голодающие - * cupboards голод, недоедание, недостаток продовольствия опорожнять, осушать (стакан) - he emptied his pockets of their contents он вынул все из карманов выливать;
высыпать - to * water out of a glass вылить воду из стакана - to * dust out the dust-pan высыпать пыль /сор/ из совка - the bag had broken and emptied its contens along the road мешок лопнул и содержимое высыпалось на дорогу переливать, пересыпать( во что-л) выгружать;
сливать (топливо из баков) впадать( о реке;
тж. to * oneself) - the St. Lawrence empties (itself) into the Atlantic река Святого Лаврентия впадает в Атлантический океан пустеть - the streets soon emptied when the rain began улицы сразу опустели, когда пошел дождь empty тех. без нагрузки, холостой;
the empty vessel makes the greatest sound посл. пустая бочка пуще гремит ~ впадать (о реке;
into) ~ выгружать ~ разг. голодный;
to feel empty чувствовать голод;
empty stomachs голодающие ~ вчт. незанятый ~ вчт. незаполненный ~ необитаемый ~ опорожнять;
осушать (стакан) ;
выливать, высыпать;
выкачивать, выпускать ~ опорожнять ~ опорожняться;
пустеть ~ порожний ~ порожний вагон ~ (обыкн. pl) ж.-д. порожняк ~ (обыкн. pl) порожняя тара (бутылки, ящики и т. п.) ;
returned empties возвращенные пустые бутылки, банки ~ порожняя тара ~ пустой, бессодержательный;
empty words, words empty of meaning слова, лишенные смысла;
пустые слова;
empty rhetoric пустословие ~ пустой;
порожний;
empty sheet of paper чистый лист бумаги;
empty crate пустая тара;
tank empty of petrol пустой бензобак ~ вчт. пустой ~ пустой;
порожний;
empty sheet of paper чистый лист бумаги;
empty crate пустая тара;
tank empty of petrol пустой бензобак ~ пустой, бессодержательный;
empty words, words empty of meaning слова, лишенные смысла;
пустые слова;
empty rhetoric пустословие ~ пустой;
порожний;
empty sheet of paper чистый лист бумаги;
empty crate пустая тара;
tank empty of petrol пустой бензобак ~ разг. голодный;
to feel empty чувствовать голод;
empty stomachs голодающие empty тех. без нагрузки, холостой;
the empty vessel makes the greatest sound посл. пустая бочка пуще гремит ~ пустой, бессодержательный;
empty words, words empty of meaning слова, лишенные смысла;
пустые слова;
empty rhetoric пустословие ~ разг. голодный;
to feel empty чувствовать голод;
empty stomachs голодающие ~ (обыкн. pl) порожняя тара (бутылки, ящики и т. п.) ;
returned empties возвращенные пустые бутылки, банки ~ пустой;
порожний;
empty sheet of paper чистый лист бумаги;
empty crate пустая тара;
tank empty of petrol пустой бензобак ~ пустой, бессодержательный;
empty words, words empty of meaning слова, лишенные смысла;
пустые слова;
empty rhetoric пустословие

Большой англо-русский и русско-английский словарь > empty
6 empty

1. II
empty in some manner the tank (the cistern, the bath, etc.) empties slowly (gradually, rapidly, automatically, completely, etc.) бак и т.д. опорожняется медленно и т.д.; the theatre empties rapidly after the performance после спектакля театр быстро пустеет; empty at some time the stalls empty first сначала освобождается партер
2. III
empty smth. empty a cart (a car, a load, etc.) разгружать телегу и т.д.; empty the room (the building, the theatre, etc.) освобождать комнату и т.д.; empty a box (these closets, a drawer, etc.) опорожнять ящик и т.д.; I emptied my suitcase я вытащил /выложил, вынул/ все /все вещи/ из чемодана; empty the rubbish bin (the ashtray, etc.) высыпать /выбрасывать/ все из мусорного ведра и т.д.; empty a bucket выливать ведре; empty one's cup (one's glass) осушать /выпивать до дна/ чашу (рюмку); they have emptied the shop они опустошили весь магазин; the rain emptied the streets дождь разогнал прохожих с улицы, из-за дождя улицы опустели
3. XVI
1) empty into smth. the river (the brook, the stream, etc.) empties into a big lake (into the sea, into the Gulf of Mexico, into the Mediterranean, etc.) река и т.д. впадает в большое озеро и т.д.

2) empty in some time the tank (the cistern, the bath, etc.) empties in five (in ten, etc.) minutes бак и т.д. опорожняется за пять и т.д. минут /в течение пяти и т.д. минут/; the room (the hall, etc.) empties in three minutes комнату и т.д. освобождают /можно освободить/ за три минуты
4. XVIII
empty oneself into smth. the river (the stream, etc.) empties itself into the sea река и т.д. впадает в море
5. XXI1
empty smth. out of /from/ smth. empty water out of a glass (out of a can, from a pail, etc.) выливать воду из стакана и т.д., empty the water out of one bucket into another переливать воду из одного ведра в другое; empty smth. into smth. empty the bottle into the jug перелить что-л. из бутылки в кувшин; empty the kettle into the sink вылить воду из чайника в раковину; empty the bag into the crate высыпать содержимое мешка в ящик; empty everything into another box выложить все в другой ящик; empty rubbish into the fire выбросить мусор в огонь; empty smth. of smth. empty one's pocket of its contents (the basket of the waste paper, the bag of rubbish, etc.) выложить все из кармана и т.д., вытряхнуть карман и т.д.; empty smth. in some time empty the hall in a few minutes (the room in an hour, the plane in less than a minute, etc.) освободить зал за несколько минут в т.д.; they emptied the building in six minutes через шесть минут они очистили здание
6. XXV
empty as soon as... (when.., etc.) the hall emptied as soon as the concert was over как только кончился концерт, зал опустел; the streets emptied when the rain began когда хлынул дождь, на улицах не осталось ни души

English-Russian dictionary of verb phrases > empty
7 empty

1. [ʹemptı] n преим. pl
1. порожняя тара

returned empties - возвращённые пустые бутылки, банки и т. п.

empties returned - ком. обратная тара

empties to be returned - ком. тара подлежит возврату

2. порожний вагон, грузовик

3. pl ж.-д. порожняк
2. [ʹemptı] a
1. 1) пустой, незаполненный, порожний

empty box - пустой ящик

empty combs - сушь ( пустые пчелиные соты)

empty goal - гол, забитый в пустые ворота

the room was nearly empty of furniture - в комнате не было почти никакой мебели

a bottle empty of wine - пустая винная бутылка

2) необитаемый, нежилой (о доме и т. п.)

3) без груза, порожний ( о транспорте)

4) тех. без нагрузки, холостой

empty weight - собственный вес (автомобиля и т. п.)

5) физ. вакантный, незанятый, незаполненный

2. пустопорожний, бессодержательный

empty talk - пустые разговоры, переливание из пустого в порожнее

empty promises [words] - пустые обещания [слова]

words empty of meaning - слова, не имеющие никакого смысла

3. 1) легковесный, несерьёзный (о замысле и т. п.)

2) легкомысленный, пустой ( о человеке)

4. разг. голодный, с пустым желудком

to feel empty - проголодаться

on an empty stomach - натощак, на голодный желудок

empty stomachs - голодный люд, голодающие

empty cupboards - голод, недоедание, недостаток продовольствия
3. [ʹemptı] v
1. 1) опорожнять; осушать ( стакан)

he emptied his pockets of their contents - он вынул всё из карманов

2) выливать; высыпать

to empty water out of a glass - вылить воду из стакана

to empty dust out of the dust-pan - высыпать пыль /сор/ из совка

the bag had broken and emptied its contents along the road - мешок лопнул, и содержимое высыпалось на дорогу

2. 1) переливать, пересыпать (во что-л.)

2) выгружать; сливать ( топливо из баков)

3. впадать ( о реке; тж. to empty oneself)

the St. Lawrence empties (itself) into the Atlantic - река святого Лаврентия впадает в Атлантический океан

4. пустеть

the streets soon emptied when the rain began - улицы сразу опустели, когда пошёл дождь

НБАРС > empty
8 itself

{it'self}
1. reft се, себе си, си
by ITSELF от само себе си
in ITSELF сам по себе си
of ITSELF от само себе си
2. самият (за усилване)

* * *

{it 'self} pron 1. reft се, себе си, си; by itself от само себе си;

* * *

себе си; се; самият;

* * *
1. by itself от само себе си 2. in itself сам по себе си 3. of itself от само себе си 4. reft се, себе си, си 5. самият (за усилване)
* * *

itself[it´self] pron (pl themselves) 1. emph самият, самата, самото, самите; the well \itself was empty самият кладенец беше празен; 2. refl се, себе си, си; by \itself сам, самичък; от само себе си; in \itself сам по себе си; of \itself от само себе си.

English-Bulgarian dictionary > itself
9 itself

თვითონ, თვით, თავისთავად

the picture in itself is worthless, but… თავისთავად ნახატს არავითარი ღირსება არა აქვს, მაგრამ...

even the well itself was empty თვით ჭაშიც კი არ იდგა წყალი

the house stands by itself სახლი განცალკევებით დგას

it happens of itself თავისით ხდება

I'll speak to her when the occasion presents itself დაველაპარაკები, როცა შესაძლებლობა მომეცემა

the cat is rubbing itself against my leg კატა ფეხზე მეგლასუნება

it will right itself თავისით მოგვარდება

the cock shook itself მამალმა ფრთები შეიბერტყა

this scene impressed itself on my memory ეს სცენა მეხსიერებაში ჩამებეჭდა

the bird entangled itself in the net ჩიტი ბადეში გაება

that will take care of itself ეს თავისთავად მოგვარდება

the wind has blown itself out ქარი ჩადგა

English-Georgian dictionary > itself
10 empty

adj. leeg
--------
v. ledigen

empty¹

[ em(p)tie] 〈zelfstandig naamwoord; meervoud: empties〉

1 leeg voorwerp 〈 bijvoorbeeld fles, wagon〉

♦voorbeelden:

1   returned empties • geretourneerde lege flessen

————————

empty²

〈bijvoeglijk naamwoord; emptier〉

1 leeg ⇒ ledig

2 nietszeggend ⇒ hol

3 onbewoond ⇒ leegstaand

4 leeghoofdig ⇒ oppervlakkig

5 〈 informeel〉 hongerig ⇒ met een lege maag

♦voorbeelden:

1   on an empty stomach • op een lege maag

     empty of • zonder, verstoken van

————————

empty³

〈 emptied〉

I 〈 onovergankelijk werkwoord〉

1 leeg raken ⇒ (zich) legen

2 uitmonden

♦voorbeelden:

2   this river empties (itself) into the sea • deze rivier mondt in zee uit

II 〈 overgankelijk werkwoord〉

1 legen ⇒ leegmaken

♦voorbeelden:

1   empty out one's pockets • zijn zakken leegmaken

¶ empty (oneself) of • (zich) ontdoen van

English-Dutch dictionary > empty
11 empty

/'empti/ * tính từ - trống, rỗng, trống không, không =the car is empty of petrol+ xe không còn xăng, xe đã hết xăng - rỗng, không có đồ đạc; không có người ở (nhà) - rỗng tuếch (người); không có nội dung, vô nghĩa (sự việc); hão, suông (lời hứa) - (thông tục) đói bụng; rỗng =empty stomach+ bụng rỗng =to feel empty+ thấy đói bụng !the empty vessel makes the greatest sound - (tục ngữ) thùng rỗng kêu to * danh từ - (thương nghiệp) vỏ không (thùng không chai không, túi không...) * ngoại động từ - đổ, dốc (chai...); làm cạn, uống cạn (cốc...) - trút, chuyên - chảy vào (đổ ra (sông) =the Red River empties itself into the sea+ sông Hồng đổ ra biển

English-Vietnamese dictionary > empty
12 itself

pron.

(pl. themselves)

1) (refl.) себя; -ся; -сь; себе; the light went out of itself свет погас; by itself само, отдельно; in itself само по себе, по своей природе; of itself само по себе, без связи с другими явлениями

2) (emph.) сам, само, сама; she is kindness itself она сама доброта; even the well itself was empty даже в колодце не было ни капли воды

* * *

(d) собственно

* * *

1) себя 2) сам, сама, само

* * *
[it·self || ɪt'self] pron. себя; себе; -ся, -сь (возвр.)
* * *

непосредственно

отдельно

сама

само

себе

себя

* * *
мест. 1) возвр. себя 2) усил. сам, сама, само (в значении "олицетворение")

Новый англо-русский словарь > itself
13 even the well itself was empty

• baš sam bunar beše prazan

English-Serbian dictionary > even the well itself was empty
14 Knowledge

   1) To Exist Is to Be Perceived

   It is indeed an opinion strangely prevailing amongst men, that houses, mountains, rivers, and, in a word, all sensible objects, have an existence, natural or real, distinct from their being perceived by the understanding. But, with how great an assurance and acquiescence soever this principle may be entertained in the world, yet whoever shall find in his heart to call it into question may, if I mistake not, perceive it to involve a manifest contradiction. For, what are the forementioned objects but things we perceive by sense? and what do we perceive besides our own ideas or sensations? and is it not plainly repugnant that any one of these, or any combination of them, should exist unperceived? (Berkeley, 1996, Pt. I, No. 4, p. 25)

   2) Abstract Science or Demonstration Is a More Perfect Species of Knowledge

   It seems to me that the only objects of the abstract sciences or of demonstration are quantity and number, and that all attempts to extend this more perfect species of knowledge beyond these bounds are mere sophistry and illusion. As the component parts of quantity and number are entirely similar, their relations become intricate and involved; and nothing can be more curious, as well as useful, than to trace, by a variety of mediums, their equality or inequality, through their different appearances.

   But as all other ideas are clearly distinct and different from each other, we can never advance farther, by our utmost scrutiny, than to observe this diversity, and, by an obvious reﬂection, pronounce one thing not to be another. Or if there be any difficulty in these decisions, it proceeds entirely from the undeterminate meaning of words, which is corrected by juster definitions. That the square of the hypotenuse is equal to the squares of the other two sides cannot be known, let the terms be ever so exactly defined, without a train of reasoning and enquiry. But to convince us of this proposition, that where there is no property, there can be no injustice, it is only necessary to define the terms, and explain injustice to be a violation of property. This proposition is, indeed, nothing but a more imperfect definition. It is the same case with all those pretended syllogistical reasonings, which may be found in every other branch of learning, except the sciences of quantity and number; and these may safely, I think, be pronounced the only proper objects of knowledge and demonstration. (Hume, 1975, Sec. 12, Pt. 3, pp. 163-165)

   3) Knowledge Derives from Two Fundamental Sources of the Mind

   Our knowledge springs from two fundamental sources of the mind; the first is the capacity of receiving representations (the ability to receive impressions), the second is the power to know an object through these representations (spontaneity in the production of concepts).

   Through the first, an object is given to us; through the second, the object is thought in relation to that representation.... Intuition and concepts constitute, therefore, the elements of all our knowledge, so that neither concepts without intuition in some way corresponding to them, nor intuition without concepts, can yield knowledge. Both may be either pure or empirical.... Pure intuitions or pure concepts are possible only a priori; empirical intuitions and empirical concepts only a posteriori. If the receptivity of our mind, its power of receiving representations in so far as it is in any way affected, is to be called "sensibility," then the mind's power of producing representations from itself, the spontaneity of knowledge, should be called "understanding." Our nature is so constituted that our intuitions can never be other than sensible; that is, it contains only the mode in which we are affected by objects. The faculty, on the other hand, which enables us to think the object of sensible intuition is the understanding.... Without sensibility, no object would be given to us; without understanding, no object would be thought. Thoughts without content are empty; intuitions without concepts are blind. It is therefore just as necessary to make our concepts sensible, that is, to add the object to them in intuition, as to make our intuitions intelligible, that is to bring them under concepts. These two powers or capacities cannot exchange their functions. The understanding can intuit nothing, the senses can think nothing. Only through their union can knowledge arise. (Kant, 1933, Sec. 1, Pt. 2, B74-75 [p. 92])

   4) The Means by Which Metaphysics Can Be Perfected as a Science

   Metaphysics, as a natural disposition of Reason is real, but it is also, in itself, dialectical and deceptive.... Hence to attempt to draw our principles from it, and in their employment to follow this natural but none the less fallacious illusion can never produce science, but only an empty dialectical art, in which one school may indeed outdo the other, but none can ever attain a justifiable and lasting success. In order that, as a science, it may lay claim not merely to deceptive persuasion, but to insight and conviction, a Critique of Reason must exhibit in a complete system the whole stock of conceptions a priori, arranged according to their different sources-the Sensibility, the understanding, and the Reason; it must present a complete table of these conceptions, together with their analysis and all that can be deduced from them, but more especially the possibility of synthetic knowledge a priori by means of their deduction, the principles of its use, and finally, its boundaries....

   This much is certain: he who has once tried criticism will be sickened for ever of all the dogmatic trash he was compelled to content himself with before, because his Reason, requiring something, could find nothing better for its occupation. Criticism stands to the ordinary school metaphysics exactly in the same relation as chemistry to alchemy, or as astron omy to fortune-telling astrology. I guarantee that no one who has comprehended and thought out the conclusions of criticism, even in these Prolegomena, will ever return to the old sophistical pseudo-science. He will rather look forward with a kind of pleasure to a metaphysics, certainly now within his power, which requires no more preparatory discoveries, and which alone can procure for reason permanent satisfaction. (Kant, 1891, pp. 115-116)

   5) Knowledge Is Only Real in the Form of System

   Knowledge is only real and can only be set forth fully in the form of science, in the form of system. Further, a so-called fundamental proposition or first principle of philosophy, even if it is true, it is yet none the less false, just because and in so far as it is merely a fundamental proposition, merely a first principle. It is for that reason easily refuted. The refutation consists in bringing out its defective character; and it is defective because it is merely the universal, merely a principle, the beginning. If the refutation is complete and thorough, it is derived and developed from the nature of the principle itself, and not accomplished by bringing in from elsewhere other counter-assurances and chance fancies. It would be strictly the development of the principle, and thus the completion of its deficiency, were it not that it misunderstands its own purport by taking account solely of the negative aspect of what it seeks to do, and is not conscious of the positive character of its process and result. The really positive working out of the beginning is at the same time just as much the very reverse: it is a negative attitude towards the principle we start from. Negative, that is to say, in its one-sided form, which consists in being primarily immediate, a mere purpose. It may therefore be regarded as a refutation of what constitutes the basis of the system; but more correctly it should be looked at as a demonstration that the basis or principle of the system is in point of fact merely its beginning. (Hegel, 1910, pp. 21-22)

   6) Knowledge, Action, and Evaluation Are Interconnected

   Knowledge, action, and evaluation are essentially connected. The primary and pervasive significance of knowledge lies in its guidance of action: knowing is for the sake of doing. And action, obviously, is rooted in evaluation. For a being which did not assign comparative values, deliberate action would be pointless; and for one which did not know, it would be impossible. Conversely, only an active being could have knowledge, and only such a being could assign values to anything beyond his own feelings. A creature which did not enter into the process of reality to alter in some part the future content of it, could apprehend a world only in the sense of intuitive or esthetic contemplation; and such contemplation would not possess the significance of knowledge but only that of enjoying and suffering. (Lewis, 1946, p. 1)

   7) The Evolution of Knowledge

   "Evolutionary epistemology" is a branch of scholarship that applies the evolutionary perspective to an understanding of how knowledge develops. Knowledge always involves getting information. The most primitive way of acquiring it is through the sense of touch: amoebas and other simple organisms know what happens around them only if they can feel it with their "skins." The knowledge such an organism can have is strictly about what is in its immediate vicinity. After a huge jump in evolution, organisms learned to find out what was going on at a distance from them, without having to actually feel the environment. This jump involved the development of sense organs for processing information that was farther away. For a long time, the most important sources of knowledge were the nose, the eyes, and the ears. The next big advance occurred when organisms developed memory. Now information no longer needed to be present at all, and the animal could recall events and outcomes that happened in the past. Each one of these steps in the evolution of knowledge added important survival advantages to the species that was equipped to use it.

   Then, with the appearance in evolution of humans, an entirely new way of acquiring information developed. Up to this point, the processing of information was entirely intrasomatic.... But when speech appeared (and even more powerfully with the invention of writing), information processing became extrasomatic. After that point knowledge did not have to be stored in the genes, or in the memory traces of the brain; it could be passed on from one person to another through words, or it could be written down and stored on a permanent substance like stone, paper, or silicon chips-in any case, outside the fragile and impermanent nervous system. (Csikszentmihalyi, 1993, pp. 56-57)

Historical dictionary of quotations in cognitive science > Knowledge
15 Curr, John

SUBJECT AREA: Land transport, Mining and extraction technology, Railways and locomotives

[br]

b. 1756 Kyo, near Lanchester, or in Greenside, near Ryton-on-Tyne, Durham, England

d. 27 January 1823 Sheffield, England

[br]

English coal-mine manager and engineer, inventor of flanged, cast-iron plate rails.

[br]

The son of a "coal viewer", Curr was brought up in the West Durham colliery district. In 1777 he went to the Duke of Norfolk's collieries at Sheffield, where in 1880 he was appointed Superintendent. There coal was conveyed underground in baskets on sledges: Curr replaced the wicker sledges with wheeled corves, i.e. small four-wheeled wooden wagons, running on "rail-roads" with cast-iron rails and hauled from the coal-face to the shaft bottom by horses. The rails employed hitherto had usually consisted of plates of iron, the flange being on the wheels of the wagon. Curr's new design involved flanges on the rails which guided the vehicles, the wheels of which were unflanged and could run on any hard surface. He appears to have left no precise record of the date that he did this, and surviving records have been interpreted as implying various dates between 1776 and 1787. In 1787 John Buddle paid tribute to the efficiency of the rails of Curr's type, which were first used for surface transport by Joseph Butler in 1788 at his iron furnace at Wingerworth near Chesterfield: their use was then promoted widely by Benjamin Outram, and they were adopted in many other English mines. They proved serviceable until the advent of locomotives demanded different rails.

In 1788 Curr also developed a system for drawing a full corve up a mine shaft while lowering an empty one, with guides to separate them. At the surface the corves were automatically emptied by tipplers. Four years later he was awarded a patent for using double ropes for lifting heavier loads. As the weight of the rope itself became a considerable problem with the increasing depth of the shafts, Curr invented the flat hemp rope, patented in 1798, which consisted of several small round ropes stitched together and lapped upon itself in winding. It acted as a counterbalance and led to a reduction in the time and cost of hoisting: at the beginning of a run the loaded rope began to coil upon a small diameter, gradually increasing, while the unloaded rope began to coil off a large diameter, gradually decreasing.

Curr's book The Coal Viewer (1797) is the earliest-known engineering work on railway track and it also contains the most elaborate description of a Newcomen pumping engine, at the highest state of its development. He became an acknowledged expert on construction of Newcomen-type atmospheric engines, and in 1792 he established a foundry to make parts for railways and engines.

Because of the poor financial results of the Duke of Norfolk's collieries at the end of the century, Curr was dismissed in 1801 despite numerous inventions and improvements which he had introduced. After his dismissal, six more of his patents were concerned with rope-making: the one he gained in 1813 referred to the application of flat ropes to horse-gins and perpendicular drum-shafts of steam engines. Curr also introduced the use of inclined planes, where a descending train of full corves pulled up an empty one, and he was one of the pioneers employing fixed steam engines for hauling. He may have resided in France for some time before his death.

[br]

Bibliography

1788. British patent no. 1,660 (guides in mine shafts).

1789. An Account of tin Improved Method of Drawing Coals and Extracting Ores, etc., from Mines, Newcastle upon Tyne.

1797. The Coal Viewer and Engine Builder's Practical Companion; reprinted with five plates and an introduction by Charles E.Lee, 1970, London: Frank Cass, and New York: Augustus M.Kelley.

1798. British patent no. 2,270 (flat hemp ropes).

Further Reading

F.Bland, 1930–1, "John Curr, originator of iron tram roads", Transactions of the Newcomen Society 11:121–30.

R.A.Mott, 1969, Tramroads of the eighteenth century and their originator: John Curr', Transactions of the Newcomen Society 42:1–23 (includes corrections to Fred Bland's earlier paper).

Charles E.Lee, 1970, introduction to John Curr, The Coal Viewer and Engine Builder's Practical Companion, London: Frank Cass, pp. 1–4; orig. pub. 1797, Sheffield (contains the most comprehensive biographical information).

R.Galloway, 1898, Annals of Coalmining, Vol. I, London; reprinted 1971, London (provides a detailed account of Curr's technological alterations).

WK / PJGR

Biographical history of technology > Curr, John
16 present

present

cadeau ⇒ 1 (a) présent ⇒ 1 (b), 1 (c), 2 (a) actuel ⇒ 2 (b) donner ⇒ 3 (a), 3 (c) remettre ⇒ 3 (a) présenter ⇒ 3 (b), 3 (c)-(h), 3 (j)

1 noun ['prezənt]

(a) (gift) cadeau m;

∎ to give sb a present faire un cadeau à qn;

∎ we gave her a pony as a present nous lui avons offert un ou fait cadeau d'un poney;

∎ to make sb a present of sth faire cadeau de qch à qn;

∎ it's for a present (in shop) c'est pour offrir

(b) (in time) présent m;

∎ at present actuellement, à présent;

∎ that's all I can tell you at present c'est tout ce que je peux vous dire pour l'instant ou pour le moment;

∎ as things are at present (at this stage) au point où en sont les choses; (nowadays) par les temps qui courent;

∎ up to the present jusqu'à présent, jusqu'à maintenant;

∎ that's enough for the present ça suffit pour le moment ou pour l'instant;

∎ to live only in or for the present vivre pour l'instant présent ou au présent

(c) Grammar présent m;

∎ in the present au présent

(d) Law

∎ by these presents par les présentes

2 adjective ['prezənt]

(a) (in attendance) présent;

∎ to be present at a meeting être présent à ou assister à une réunion;

∎ how many were present? combien de personnes étaient là ou étaient présentes?;

∎ those present were very moved les personnes présentes étaient très émues, l'assistance était très émue;

∎ he cannot be interviewed without a lawyer being present on ne peut pas l'interroger sans la présence d'un avocat;

∎ present company excepted à l'exception des personnes présentes

(b) (current → job, government, price) actuel;

∎ in the present case dans le cas présent;

∎ at the present time actuellement, à l'époque actuelle;

∎ up to the present day jusqu'à présent, jusqu'à aujourd'hui;

∎ the present year l'année f en cours; Finance l'année f courante;

∎ given the present circumstances étant donné les circonstances actuelles, dans l'état actuel des choses;

∎ in the present writer's opinion de l'avis de l'auteur de ces lignes

(c) Grammar au présent

3 transitive verb [prɪ'zent]

(a) (gift) donner, offrir; (prize) remettre, décerner; (medal, diploma) remettre;

∎ to present sth to sb or sb with sth donner ou offrir qch à qn;

∎ they presented him with a clock ils lui ont offert une ou fait cadeau d'une pendule;

∎ he presented his collection to the museum il a fait cadeau de sa collection au musée;

∎ the singer was presented with a bunch of flowers la chanteuse s'est vu offrir ou remettre un bouquet de fleurs;

∎ who is going to present the prizes? qui va procéder à la remise des prix?;

∎ she was presented with first prize on lui a décerné le premier prix;

∎ the project presents us with a formidable challenge le projet constitue pour nous un formidable défi;

∎ he presented us with a fait accompli il nous a mis devant le fait accompli;

∎ they were presented with an empty goalmouth ils se trouvèrent devant un but vide;

∎ this presented her with no option but to agree ceci ne lui a pas laissé d'autre alternative que d'accepter;

∎ figurative to present sb with an easy target offrir une bonne cible à qn;

∎ she presented him with a daughter elle lui a donné une fille

(b) formal (introduce) présenter;

∎ to present sb to sb présenter qn à qn;

∎ allow me to present Mr Jones permettez-moi de vous présenter M. Jones;

∎ to be presented at Court être présenté à la Cour

(c) (put on → play, film) donner; (→ exhibition) présenter, monter

(d) Radio & Television présenter;

∎ the programme was presented by Ian King l'émission était présentée par Ian King

(e) (offer → entertainment) présenter;

∎ we proudly present Donna Stewart nous avons le plaisir ou nous sommes heureux de vous présenter Donna Stewart;

∎ presenting Vanessa Brown in the title role avec Vanessa Brown dans le rôle principal;

∎ the opera company is presenting a varied programme la troupe de l'opéra présente un programme varié

(f) (put forward → apology, view, report) présenter; (→ plan) soumettre; (orally) exposer;

∎ the essay is well presented la dissertation est bien présentée;

∎ I wish to present my complaint in person je tiens à déposer plainte moi-même;

∎ to present a bill in Parliament présenter ou introduire un projet de loi au Parlement;

∎ Law to present a plea introduire une instance

(g) (pose, offer → problem, difficulty) présenter, poser; (→ chance, view) offrir;

∎ the house presented a sorry sight la maison offrait un triste spectacle;

∎ if the opportunity presents itself si l'occasion se présente;

∎ a strange idea presented itself to her une idée étrange lui est venue;

∎ the case presents all the appearances of murder tout semble indiquer qu'il s'agit d'un meurtre;

∎ to present sb/sth in a good/bad light présenter qn/qch sous un jour favorable/défavorable

(h) (show → passport, ticket) présenter;

∎ you must present proof of ownership vous devez présenter un certificat de propriété ou prouver que cela vous appartient;

∎ Military present arms! présentez armes!

(i) (arrive, go)

∎ to present oneself se présenter;

∎ she presented herself at 9 o'clock as instructed elle se présenta, comme convenu, à 9 heures;

∎ to present oneself at or for an examination se présenter à ou pour un examen

(j) Commerce (invoice) présenter;

∎ to present a cheque for payment présenter un chèque à l'encaissement;

∎ to present a bill for acceptance présenter une traite à l'acceptation

(k) Obstetrics

∎ the foetus presented itself normally la présentation (fœtale) était normale

4 intransitive verb [prɪ'zent]

(a) Obstetrics (foetus) se présenter

(b) Medicine (patient) consulter le médecin;

∎ the patient presented with bruises and multiple fractures cette patiente présentait des contusions et des fractures multiples

(c) Medicine (illness, condition) se manifester (as par)

►► Finance present capital capital m appelé;

Grammar present indicative présent m de l'indicatif;

Grammar present participle participe m présent;

Grammar present perfect passé m composé;

∎ in the present perfect au passé composé;

Grammar present subjunctive présent m du subjonctif;

Grammar present tense présent m;

∎ in the present tense au présent;

Accountancy present value valeur f actuelle ou actualisée

Un panorama unique de l'anglais et du français > present
17 feel

I [fiːl]
nome

1) (atmosphere, impression) atmosfera f.

there was a relaxed feel about it — c'era un'atmosfera rilassata

to have a friendly feel — [ place] avere un'aria accogliente

2) (sensation to the touch) sensazione f. (tattile, al tatto)

to tell by the feel (that) — riconoscere al tatto (che)

to have an oily feel — essere unto al tatto

I like the feel of silk — mi piace la sensazione che si prova a toccare la seta

3) (act of touching)

to have a feel of sth., to give sth. a feel — (touch) toccare qcs.; (weigh) sentire (il peso di) qcs

4) (familiarity, understanding)

to get the feel of, of doing — prendere la mano con, a fare

it gives you a feel of o for — ti dà un'idea di [job, market]

5) (flair) dono m., facilità f.

to have a feel for language — avere facilità di parola, saper parlare bene
II 1. [fiːl]
verbo transitivo (pass., p.pass. felt)

1) (experience) provare, sentire [affection, desire]; sentire [bond, hostility, effects]; provare [ envy]

I no longer feel anything for him — non provo più nulla per lui

the effects will be felt throughout the country — gli effetti si faranno sentire in tutto il paese

to feel sb.'s loss very deeply — essere sconvolto dalla perdita di qcn

2) (think)

I feel he's hiding something — ho l'impressione o credo che nasconda qualcosa

I feel deeply o strongly that they are wrong ho la netta sensazione o sono convinto che si sbaglino; I feel I should warn you — mi sento in obbligo di avvertirvi

3) (physically) sentire [heat, ache]

I can't feel anything in my leg — non mi sento più la gamba

she feels the cold — è freddolosa, patisce il freddo

4) (touch deliberately) toccare, sentire, tastare [texture, cloth]; palpare [patient, body part]

to feel the weight of sth. — soppesare qcs.

to feel sb. for weapons — perquisire qcn. per vedere se è armato

to feel one's way — procedere tentoni o a tastoni (anche fig.)

5) (be aware of) sentire, essere consapevole di, avere coscienza di [tension, importance, seriousness]; avere il senso di [justice, irony]
2.
verbo intransitivo (pass., p.pass. felt)

1) (emotionally) sentirsi, essere [sad, happy, nervous]; essere [ surprised]; sentirsi [stupid, safe, trapped, betrayed]

to feel afraid — avere paura

to feel ashamed — vergognarsi

to feel as if o as though sentirsi come se; how do you feel? come ti senti? how do you feel about marriage? che cosa ne pensi del matrimonio? how does it feel o what does it feel like to be a dad? come ci si sente o cosa si prova a essere papà? if that's the way you feel... — se è così che la pensi

2) (physically) sentirsi [better, tired, fat]

to feel hot, thirsty — avere caldo, sete

I'll see how I feel o what I feel like tomorrow vedo come mi sento domani; it felt as if I was floating avevo l'impressione di galleggiare; she isn't feeling herself today — è un po' fuori fase oggi

3) (create certain sensation) sembrare [cold, smooth, empty, eerie]

something doesn't feel right — c'è qualcosa che non va

it feels strange living alone — fa uno strano effetto vivere da solo

it feels like silk — sembra seta

it feels like (a) Sunday — sembra domenica

it feels like rain — sembra che stia per o debba piovere

4) (want)

to feel like sth., like doing — avere voglia di qcs., di fare

I feel like a drink — ho voglia di bere

I don't feel like it — non ne ho voglia

"why did you do that?" - "I just felt like it" — "perché l'hai fatto?" - "perché ne avevo voglia"

5) (touch, grope)

to feel in — frugare o rovistare in [bag, drawer, pocket]

to feel along — procedere tentoni lungo [edge, wall]
3.
verbo riflessivo (pass., p.pass. felt)

she felt herself losing her temper — sentiva che stava perdendo la pazienza

- feel around

- feel for

- feel out

- feel up to

* * *
[fi:l]
past tense, past participle - felt; verb

1) (to become aware of (something) by the sense of touch: She felt his hand on her shoulder.) sentire

2) (to find out the shape, size, texture etc of something by touching, usually with the hands: She felt the parcel carefully.) tastare

3) (to experience or be aware of (an emotion, sensation etc): He felt a sudden anger.) sentire, provare

4) (to think (oneself) to be: She feels sick; How does she feel about her work?) sentirsi

5) (to believe or consider: She feels that the firm treated her badly.) credere

•

- feeler
- feeling
- feel as if / as though
- feel like
- feel one's way
- get the feel of
* * *
feel /fi:l/
n.

1 [u] tatto

2 sensazione (tattile o al tatto): to have a smooth feel, essere liscio al tatto; I like the feel of it, mi piace al tatto; mi piace toccarlo

3 tastata; toccata: Let me have a feel of it, fammelo toccare; fammelo tastare

4 [u] sensibilità; abilità; facilità: to have a feel for words, saper usare le parole: to have a feel for animals, saperci fare con gli animali

5 [u] aria; atmosfera; impressione: That place has the feel of home, ci si sente a casa propria in quel posto; to catch the feel of st., cogliere l'atmosfera di qc.; to get the feel of st., farsi un'idea di qc.; abituarsi a qc.
♦ (to) feel /fi:l/
(pass. e p. p. felt)

A v. t.

1 sentire ( tastando); tastare; toccare; palpare: Feel my hand!, senti (o tocca) la mia mano!; I felt the material, palpai la stoffa; ( anche fig.) to feel sb. 's pulse, tastare il polso a q.; to feel sb. 's forehead, toccare la fronte a q.

2 provare ( una sensazione fisica); sentire; avvertire; percepire: to feel pain, sentire ( o provare) dolore; to feel the wind on one's face, sentire ( o sentirsi) il vento sulla faccia; I felt someone touching my elbow, sentii qualcuno toccarmi il gomito; I felt the floor shake under my feet, sentii tremare il pavimento sotto i piedi; I felt myself blushing, sentii che stavo arrossendo; He felt himself stiffen, ha sentito che il suo corpo si irrigidiva; She felt herself lifted from the bed, sentì che la sollevavano dal letto

3 provare (un'emozione, un sentimento); sentire: to feel a desire, provare un desiderio; to feel pity for sb., sentire compassione (o provare, avere pietà) di q.

4 sentire (qc. di spiacevole); soffrire: to feel the loss of sb., sentire (o soffrire per) la perdita di q.; to feel the cold [the heat], soffrire il freddo [il caldo]

5 avere l'impressione (di, che); avere la sensazione (che); sentire; avvertire; parere (impers.): I feel trouble brewing, ho l'impressione che siano in arrivo dei guai; I felt a presence in the room, sentii (o avvertii) una presenza nella stanza; I felt myself in danger, mi sentii in pericolo; I feel you haven't really understood, ho l'impressione che tu in realtà non abbia capito; I felt he was about to say something, ho avuto la sensazione che stesse per dire qualcosa; He felt he recognized her, gli parve di riconoscerla

6 pensare; ritenere; essere dell'opinione che: I feel I ought to do something, penso che dovrei fare qualcosa; We feel that the chair should resign, riteniamo che il presidente debba dimettersi

7 – to feel oneself, sentirsi bene; stare bene: I don't feel quite myself, non mi sento troppo bene; You'll feel yourself again in a few days, starai bene di nuovo entro pochi giorni

8 (mil.) fare una ricognizione del ( terreno); saggiare la forza del ( nemico)

9 ( boxe) accusare: to feel a blow, accusare un colpo

B v. i.

1 avere (o provare) sensazioni; provare emozioni: The dead cannot feel, i morti non hanno sensazioni ( o non sentono nulla)

2 sentirsi: to feel happy, sentirsi felice; to feel lonely, sentirsi solo; I feel ( o I'm feeling) tired, mi sento stanco; Do you feel better?, ti senti meglio?; DIALOGO → - Feeling ill- I'm not feeling too well at all, non mi sento per niente bene; to feel obliged (o bound) to do st., sentirsi obbligato a fare qc.; I felt a fool, mi sentii un idiota; How would you feel if you were me?, come ti sentiresti (o che cosa proveresti) se tu fossi al mio posto?; to feel as if, avere l'impressione (o la sensazione) di; parere; sembrare: I felt as if I'd lived here forever, avevo l'impressione di essere (o mi pareva di aver) vissuto sempre qui; My arm feels as if it's broken, ho paura di essermi rotto il braccio; ( USA) I feel uncomfortable around her, mi sento a disagio con lei

3 (+ agg.) avere (+ sost.); essere (+ agg.): to feel cold [hot], avere freddo [caldo]; to feel hungry [thirsty, sleepy], aver fame [sete, sonno]; to feel angry [nervous, sure], essere arrabbiato [agitato, sicuro]; to feel giddy, sentirsi girare la testa; to feel sick, avere la nausea; aver voglia di vomitare

4 tastare; cercare (tastando): I felt (around) in my handbag, tastai nella borsa

5 essere (al tatto, ecc.): Velvet feels smooth, il velluto è liscio al tatto; The bag felt heavy, la borsa era pesante; Your hands feel cold, (sento che) hai le mani fredde; DIALOGO → - Feeling ill- You feel quite hot, sei piuttosto calda

6 (impers.) fare; essere: It feels hot in here, fa caldo qui dentro; It feels good to be home again, è bello essere di nuovo a casa

● to feel one's age, sentire l'età; sentire il peso degli anni □ to feel bad about st., essere dispiaciuto per qc.; sentirsi in colpa per qc. □ (fam.) to feel cheap, sentirsi un verme □ to feel one's feet (o legs), poggiare saldamente i piedi; (fig.) sentirsi a proprio agio □ (spesso all'imper.) to feel free to do st., sentirsi libero di fare qc.; fare pure: Feel free to ask, chiedi pure □ to feel in one's bones, sentire istintivamente; sentirsela: I feel it in my bones!, me lo (o la) sento! □ to feel like, (di cosa o impers.) sembrare; ( di persona) aver voglia di: It feels like glass, sembra vetro (al tatto); It feels like spring, sembra (di essere in) primavera; What does it feel like being here?, che impressione fa essere qui?; I feel like a coffee, ho voglia di un caffè; DIALOGO → - Dinner 1- I feel like some pasta, mi andrebbe della pasta; I don't feel like sleeping, non ho voglia di dormire; I felt like hitting him on the chin, mi è venuta voglia di tirargli un pugno sul mento □ (fam.) to feel like hell, sentirsi da cani; sentirsi uno straccio □ (fam.) to feel like a million dollars, sentirsi in gran forma □ (fam.) to feel out of it, sentirsi estraneo; sentirsi tagliato fuori □ to feel out of sorts, sentirsi indisposto; essere di malumore □ to feel small, farsi piccolo (fig.) □ to feel strongly about st., accalorarsi per qc. ( a favore o contro); reagire con forza a proposito di qc. □ to feel one's way, andare a tentoni; ( anche fig.) procedere con cautela; (fig.) tastare il terreno □ to make itself felt, ( di situazione, ecc.) farsi sentire.

* * *
I [fiːl]
nome

1) (atmosphere, impression) atmosfera f.

there was a relaxed feel about it — c'era un'atmosfera rilassata

to have a friendly feel — [ place] avere un'aria accogliente

2) (sensation to the touch) sensazione f. (tattile, al tatto)

to tell by the feel (that) — riconoscere al tatto (che)

to have an oily feel — essere unto al tatto

I like the feel of silk — mi piace la sensazione che si prova a toccare la seta

3) (act of touching)

to have a feel of sth., to give sth. a feel — (touch) toccare qcs.; (weigh) sentire (il peso di) qcs

4) (familiarity, understanding)

to get the feel of, of doing — prendere la mano con, a fare

it gives you a feel of o for — ti dà un'idea di [job, market]

5) (flair) dono m., facilità f.

to have a feel for language — avere facilità di parola, saper parlare bene
II 1. [fiːl]
verbo transitivo (pass., p.pass. felt)

1) (experience) provare, sentire [affection, desire]; sentire [bond, hostility, effects]; provare [ envy]

I no longer feel anything for him — non provo più nulla per lui

the effects will be felt throughout the country — gli effetti si faranno sentire in tutto il paese

to feel sb.'s loss very deeply — essere sconvolto dalla perdita di qcn

2) (think)

I feel he's hiding something — ho l'impressione o credo che nasconda qualcosa

I feel deeply o strongly that they are wrong ho la netta sensazione o sono convinto che si sbaglino; I feel I should warn you — mi sento in obbligo di avvertirvi

3) (physically) sentire [heat, ache]

I can't feel anything in my leg — non mi sento più la gamba

she feels the cold — è freddolosa, patisce il freddo

4) (touch deliberately) toccare, sentire, tastare [texture, cloth]; palpare [patient, body part]

to feel the weight of sth. — soppesare qcs.

to feel sb. for weapons — perquisire qcn. per vedere se è armato

to feel one's way — procedere tentoni o a tastoni (anche fig.)

5) (be aware of) sentire, essere consapevole di, avere coscienza di [tension, importance, seriousness]; avere il senso di [justice, irony]
2.
verbo intransitivo (pass., p.pass. felt)

1) (emotionally) sentirsi, essere [sad, happy, nervous]; essere [ surprised]; sentirsi [stupid, safe, trapped, betrayed]

to feel afraid — avere paura

to feel ashamed — vergognarsi

to feel as if o as though sentirsi come se; how do you feel? come ti senti? how do you feel about marriage? che cosa ne pensi del matrimonio? how does it feel o what does it feel like to be a dad? come ci si sente o cosa si prova a essere papà? if that's the way you feel... — se è così che la pensi

2) (physically) sentirsi [better, tired, fat]

to feel hot, thirsty — avere caldo, sete

I'll see how I feel o what I feel like tomorrow vedo come mi sento domani; it felt as if I was floating avevo l'impressione di galleggiare; she isn't feeling herself today — è un po' fuori fase oggi

3) (create certain sensation) sembrare [cold, smooth, empty, eerie]

something doesn't feel right — c'è qualcosa che non va

it feels strange living alone — fa uno strano effetto vivere da solo

it feels like silk — sembra seta

it feels like (a) Sunday — sembra domenica

it feels like rain — sembra che stia per o debba piovere

4) (want)

to feel like sth., like doing — avere voglia di qcs., di fare

I feel like a drink — ho voglia di bere

I don't feel like it — non ne ho voglia

"why did you do that?" - "I just felt like it" — "perché l'hai fatto?" - "perché ne avevo voglia"

5) (touch, grope)

to feel in — frugare o rovistare in [bag, drawer, pocket]

to feel along — procedere tentoni lungo [edge, wall]
3.
verbo riflessivo (pass., p.pass. felt)

she felt herself losing her temper — sentiva che stava perdendo la pazienza

- feel around

- feel for

- feel out

- feel up to

English-Italian dictionary > feel
18 subset

1) телефон. абонентский аппарат

2) подгруппа

3) подкласс

4) подмножество

5) полукомплект

6) сокращённый вариант

•

- absolutely convex subset

- absorbent subset

- algebraic subset

- almost clopen subset
- almost open subset - almost unitary subset
- analytic subset

- arcwise connected subset

- balanced subset

- benign subset

- bicompact subset

- bifurcation subset

- biperfect subset

- bistrong subset

- bounded above subset
- bounded below subset
- bounded subset

- calculable subset

- circled subset

- clopen subset

- closed subset

- cofinal subset

- coinitial subset

- coisotropic subset

- compactly circled subset

- complementary subset

- complete subset

- completely ordered subset

- computable subset

- conditionally compact subset

- connected subset

- constructive subset

- convex subset

- countable subset

- countably compact subset
- countably paracompact subset
- countercompact subset

- critical subset

- cubic subset

- dense subset

- dense-in-itself subset

- dependent subset

- diagonal subset

- directed subset

- discriminant subset

- disjunctive subset

- distinguished subset

- doubly transitive subset

- elementary subset

- empty subset

- enumerable subset

- evenly covered subset
- everywhere dense subset
- exceptional subset

- exclusive subset

- extremal subset

- faithful subset

- finite subset

- finitely connected subset

- flat subset

- free subset

- fully invariant subset

- fundamental subset

- fuzzy subset

- generic subset

- imprimitive subset

- improper subset

- independent subset

- indexed subset

- indiscernible subset

- infinite subset

- inseparable subset

- invariant subset

- inversely invariant subset

- invertible subset

- irredundant subset

- isolated subset

- left unitary subset

- linear subset

- linearly dependent subset
- linearly independent subset - locally closed subset - locally polyhedral subset - locally tame subset
- maximal subset

- meager subset

- measurable subset

- metrizable subset

- multiperiodic subset

- multiplicative subset

- multiplicatively closed subset

- negligible subset

- nonempty subset

- non-empty subset

- nonnull subset

- nonvacuous subset
- nonvoid subset
- normal subset

- nowhere dense subset

- numeral subset

- open-closed subset

- order-bounded subset

- order-complete subset

- order-dense subset

- ordered subset

- partial subset

- polygonally connected subset
- polynomially convex subset - potentially invertible subset
- prenuclear subset

- prevalent subset

- primary subset

- pseudocompact subset

- purely inseparable subset

- quasiclosed subset

- quasicomplete subset

- quasistable subset

- radial subset

- rare subset

- rationally independent subset

- receiver subset

- rectifiable subset

- recursive subset

- recursively enumerable subset

- reflexive subset

- regular subset

- regularly situated subsets
- relatively compact subset - relatively pseudocompact subset
- retraceable subset

- right neat subset
- right perfect subset - right unitary subset
- saturated subset

- scattered subset

- semianalytic subset

- semiclosed subset

- semilinear subset

- separated subset

- separating subset

- sequentially compact subset

- simplicial subset

- simply bounded subset

- solid subset

- solvable subset

- starlike subset

- stationary subset

- strict subset

- strictly separated subset
- strongly dependent subset - strongly positive subset
- subanalytic subset

- subset relation

- symmetric subset

- syndetic subset

- tame subset

- thick subset

- total subset

- totally bounded subset
- totally ordered subset
- transmitter subset

- trivial subset

- true subset

- ubiquitous subset

- uncountable subset

- uniformly embedded subset
- uniformly integrable subset - universally measurable subset - weakly bounded subset - weakly closed subset - weakly invariant subset - weak-star closed subset - well ordered subset - well separated subset

English-Russian scientific dictionary > subset
19 set

1) набор; комплект

- domino set

- optimum set of conditions
- semiconductor assembly set - set of Belleville springs - set of conventional set - set of drawing instruments - set of gate patterns - set of gauge blocks - set of logical elements - set of statistical data - set of technical aids
- snap set

- socket-powered set

- spring set

2) партия

3) совокупность; множество

- set of variate values

- specification set

4) установка; агрегат

- carrier set

- cross-task measuring set
- desk telephone set - dial telephone set
- Diesel-electric set

- flywheel set

- gear set

- hand telephone set

- house set

- key pulsing telephone set
- local-battery telephone set - man-pack radio set - multi-operator welding set
- radio set

- reflection measuring set

- shaft-sinking set

- short-wave set

- side-tone telephone set

- Sierpinski set

- single-operator welding set
- sound-powered telephone set
- station set

- subscriber set

- table-top set

- telephone set

- transmission measuring set

- turbine-driven set

- turbine-generator set

- twin-arc welding set
- wall telephone set
5) регулировка; настройка || регулировать; настраивать

6) группа; ансамбль

7) класс; семейство

8) остаточная деформация

9) схватывание || схватываться

to retard set of concrete — замедлять схватывание бетона

10) затвердевание || затвердевать

11) крепление || закреплять

12) геол. свита пород

13) осадка (грунта) || оседать ( о грунте)

14) радиоточка

15) спорт сет

16) включать, приводить в действие

17) мат. множество

relation over a set — отношение на множестве

set closed under operation — множество, замкнутое относительно операции

compact set with a boundary — компакт с краем

set is closed — множество является замкнутым

set forth above — вышеизложенный

to accomplish operations on a set — производить операции над множеством

to set aside — не учитывать, не принимать во внимание; откладывать

- absolute set

- absolutely closed set
- absolutely compact set - absolutely continuous set - absolutely convex set - absolutely irreducible set - absolutely measurable set
- absorbing set

- abstract set

- acceptable solutions set

- accessible set

- acyclic set

- additive set

- adjacency set

- adjacent set

- admissible set

- adsolutely summable set

- affine set

- affinely dependent set
- affinely independent set - affinely invariant set
- algebraic set

- algebraically dependent set
- algebraically independent set
- allowable set

- almost closed set
- almost finite set - almost full set
- ambiguous set

- ample set

- analytic set

- analytically negligible set
- angular cluster set
- antidiagonal set

- antinomous set

- antipodal set

- antisymmetric set

- aposyndetic point set

- applicative set

- approximately compact set

- approximation set

- arcwise connected set

- arithmetical set

- arithmetically definable set

- articulation set

- asymptotic set

- asymptotically decomposable set
- asymptotically indecomposable set - at most denumerable set
- atomic set

- attainable set

- automorphic set

- auxiliary base set

- axiom set

- balanced set

- basic set

- benign set

- bicompact set

- biconnected set

- bifurcation set

- biordered set

- bisimplicial set

- bodily set

- border set

- boundary cluster set

- boundary cluster set

- boundary set

- boundaryless set

- bounded set

- boundedly compact set

- buffer set

- calculable set

- canonical set

- canonically closed set

- capacious set

- capacitable set

- catastrophe set

- categorical set

- centrally-symmetric set
- centro-symmetric set
- chained set

- characteristic set

- choice set

- chordal cluster set

- circled set

- classical set

- clear set

- closed set

- closed-in-rays set

- closed-open set

- cluster set

- cofinal set

- cofinite set

- cogenerating set

- cohesive set

- cohomology set

- coimmune set

- coinfinite set

- coinitial set

- coisolated set

- collectively bounded set

- collinear set

- colorable set

- comaximal set

- combination set

- commutative set

- compact-in-itself set

- compactly connected set

- compensation set

- complementary set

- complete set

- completed set

- completely arithmetically productive set
- completely bounded set - completely continuous set - completely generating set - completely improper set - completely irreducible set - completely nonatomic set - completely normal set - completely ordered set - completely productive set - completely reducible set - completely separable set
- compound set

- conditionally compact set

- confidence set

- confinal set

- conformal set

- conjugate set

- conjunction set

- consistent set

- constant set

- constraint set

- constructible set

- constructive set

- constructively infinite set
- constructively nonrecursive set
- context-free set

- continuity set

- continuous set

- continuously ordered set

- continuum set

- contractible set

- contrafundamental set

- contrastandard set

- control set

- convergence set

- convergent set

- converse set

- convex set

- convexly connected set
- convexly independent set
- correctness set

- countable set

- countably compact set
- countably infinite set
- course set

- coverable set

- covered set

- covering set

- creative set

- critical set

- cubic set

- curvilinear cluster set

- cut set

- cyclic factor set
- cyclically ordered set
- cylinder set

- decidable set

- decision set

- decisive set

- decreasing set

- deductively consistent set
- deductively inconsistent set
- defect set

- deficient set

- definable set

- deformable set

- degeneracy set

- degenerate set

- dendrit set

- dendritic set

- dense set

- dense-in-itself set

- densely ordered set

- dentable set

- denumerable set

- derivative set
- derived set
- derived set

- determined set

- determining set

- diagonalizable set

- difference set

- diffuse set

- directed set

- disagreement set

- disconnected set

- disconnecting set

- discontinuing set

- discontinuous set

- discrete set

- discriminant set

- discriminating set

- disjointed set

- disjunct set

- dispersed set

- divergent set

- dividing set

- dominated set

- dominating set

- doubly indexed set
- doubly well-ordered set - dual set of equations
- dyadic set

- dynamically decomposable set
- dynamically disconnected set - effectively enumerable set - effectively generating set - effectively nonrecursive set - effectively simple set
- effector set

- eigenfuzzy set

- elementarily definable set

- elementary set

- elliptic set

- embedded set

- empty set

- enchained set

- enlarged set

- enlarging set

- enumerably infinite set
- enumeration reducible set
- equicontinuous set

- equivariantly contractible set

- ergodic set

- evanescent set

- event set

- everywhere dense set

- exceptional set

- exhaustive set

- existence set

- existential set

- explicable set

- explicitly definable set

- extendable set

- extended set

- extensive set

- externally stable set

- extraordinary set

- extremally disconnected set

- extreme set

- factor set

- faithful set

- fanlike set

- feasible set

- filter over set

- filtering set

- finely open set
- finely perfect set
- finite-dimensional set

- finitely compact set
- finitely definite set - finitely measurable set
- flat set

- focal set

- frequency set

- frontier set

- full productive set

- full set

- fully ordered set
- fully reducible set - functionally closed set - functionally complete set - functionally open set - fundamental probability set
- generable set

- general recursive set
- generalized almost periodic set
- generated set

- generic set

- global set

- goal set

- ground set

- grounded set

- harmonic set

- hereditary set

- heretical set

- holomorphic set

- homogeneous set

- homothetic set

- hyperarithmetical set

- hyperarithmetically simple set

- hyperbolic set

- hyperhyperimmune set

- hyperhypersimple set

- image set

- implicitly definable set

- imprimitive set

- incompletable set

- inconsistent set

- increasing set

- indecomposable set

- independent set

- index set

- indexed set

- indexing set

- indiscernible set

- indivisible set

- inductive set

- inductively ordered set

- information set

- inseparable set

- integer set

- integrable set

- internally negligible set
- internally stable set
- interpolation set

- interpretable set

- invariant set

- inverse image set

- inverse set

- irrational set

- irreducible set

- irregular set

- isometric set

- joint maximal set

- knot set

- labeled set

- lacunary set

- lattice-ordered set

- learning set

- left admissible set
- left directed set - left normal set - left-hand cluster set
- level set

- lexicographically ordered set

- limit set

- limited set

- limiting set

- linearly bounded set
- linearly ordered set - local peak set - locally arcwise set - locally closed set - locally compact set - locally connected set - locally contractible set - locally convex set - locally finite set - locally invariant set - locally negligible set - locally null set - locally polar set - locally polyhedral set
- located set

- logarithmic set

- magic set

- majorized set

- massive set

- meager set

- measurable set

- mesoic set

- metarecursively enumerable set
- metrically bounded set - metrically dense set
- minimum set

- minorized set

- mobile set

- model set

- model-closed set

- model-complete set

- model-consistent set

- modular set

- monochromatic set

- monomorphic set

- monotonic set

- more-than-countable set

- motor-generator set

- multiperiodic set

- multiplicative set

- multiply connected set
- multiply ordered set
- multisimplicial set

- naturally associated set
- nearly analytic set - nearly closed set
- nebular set

- negligible set

- nested set

- nil weakly closed set

- nilpotent set

- nodal set

- no-more-than countable set

- nonadjacent set

- noncalculable set

- noncontractible set

- noncountable set

- noncountably infinite set

- nondecisive set

- nondegenerate set

- nondense set

- nondenumerable set

- nondenumerable set

- nonempty set

- nonenumerable set

- nonenumerable set

- nonmeager set

- nonmeasurable set

- nonpoint set

- nonrecursive set

- nonscattered set

- nonseparable set

- nonstandard set

- nonvacuous set
- nonvoid set
- nonwandering set

- norm compact set

- normal set

- normally convex set
- normally ordered set
- normed set

- nowhere dense set

- nowhere-dense set

- null set

- nullity set

- number set

- numeral set

- numerated set

- object set

- one-element set

- one-parameter set

- one-point set

- one-sided cluster set
- open in rays set
- open-closed set

- opening set

- operator's set

- opportunity set

- optimal strategy set

- orderable set

- ordering set

- ordinal-definable set

- ordinate set

- orienting defining set

- original set

- orthogonal set

- orthonormal set

- outcome set

- outer set

- paraconvex set

- parametric set

- partial set

- partially ordered set
- partitioned data set
- paved set

- peak set

- perfect set

- perfectly compact set

- permuting set

- piecewise recursive set

- planar set

- pointed set

- polar set

- pole set

- polyadic set

- polygonal set

- polygonally connected set

- polyhedral set

- polynomially convex set
- positively homothetic set
- power set

- power-generating set

- precompact set

- precomplete set

- preferred set

- preinductive set

- preinitial set

- prelocal set

- preordered set

- pretransitive set

- prevalent set

- principal set

- priority set

- proalgebraic set

- product set

- productive set

- projective set

- projective-bounded set

- proper set

- properly consistent set

- properly inconsistent set

- properly valid set

- properly valid set

- pseudocompact set

- pseudoconvex set

- pseudocreative set

- pseudometric set

- pseudometrizable set

- pseudorational set

- pseudosimple set

- pseudospherical set

- pseudosupporting set

- pure set

- quadrangular set

- quasibiorthonormal set

- quasiclosed set

- quasicohesive set

- quasicreative set

- quasidirected set

- quasiequicontinuous set

- quasiminimal set

- quasiopen set

- quasiordered set

- quasiorthonormal set

- quasiperiodic set

- quasipolyhedral set

- quasistrongly compact set

- quotient set

- radial cluster set

- radial set

- radially closed set
- radially open set
- radiated set

- random set

- range set

- ranked set

- rarefied set

- rationally convex set
- rationally independent set
- reachable set

- rectangular set

- rectifiable set

- rectifiably connected set

- recurrent set

- recursively approximable set
- recursively creative set - recursively indecomposable set - recursively isomorphic set - recursively productive set
- reduced set

- reduction set

- reference set

- reflexive set

- regressive set

- regularizing set

- regularly closed set
- regularly convex set - regularly situated sets
- relational set

- relatively bicompact set
- relatively closed set - relatively compact set - relatively dense set - relatively interpretable set - relatively open set
- residual set

- resolutive set

- resolvable set

- resolvent set

- retraceable set

- right admissible set
- right normal set - right-hand cluster set
- ringing set

- rotund set

- rudimentary set

- saturated set

- scar set

- segregate set

- selection set

- semialgebraic set

- semianalytic set

- semiclassical set

- semiclosed set

- semicreative set

- semiinvariant set

- semilinear set

- semilocally connected set

- semimetric set

- semiordered set

- semipolar set

- semiproductive set

- semiregular set

- semisimplicial set

- separability set

- separating set

- sequentially compact set
- sequentially complete set - serially ordered set
- set of adjunction

- set of all set

- set of antisymmetry

- set of assumptions

- set of attainability

- set of automorphisms

- set of axioms

- set of capacity zero

- set of catastrophs

- set of characteristics

- set of choices

- set of coefficients

- set of condensation points

- set of connections

- set of constancy

- set of constraints

- set of content zero

- set of convergence

- set of criteria

- set of current

- set of curves

- set of data

- set of decisions

- set of defining relations

- set of degeneration

- set of descriptions

- set of dice

- set of distinguishable states
- set of elementary events
- set of endomorphisms

- set of equations

- set of finite outcomes
- set of first category - set of first kind - set of first species
- set of five

- set of formulas

- set of functions

- set of gears

- set of generators

- set of imprimitivity

- set of imputations

- set of increase

- set of integers

- set of intransitivity

- set of invariants

- set of mappings

- set of maximum indetermination

- set of measurements

- set of morphisms

- set of multiplicity

- set of numbers

- set of observations

- set of operations

- set of ordinal numbers

- set of outcomes

- set of parameters

- set of patterns

- set of planes

- set of points

- set of positions

- set of positive elements
- set of possible outcomes
- set of postulates

- set of power continuum
- set of probability null
- set of problems

- set of processes

- set of rational numbers

- set of representatives

- set of sampling plans
- set of second category - set of second species
- set of sentences

- set of separability

- set of sets

- set of shuffles

- set of states

- set of statistics

- set of strategies

- set of subalgebras

- set of symbols

- set of threads

- set of three

- set of transformations

- set of uniqueness

- set of unknowns

- set of variances

- set of variates

- set of vectors

- set of warp

- set of weft

- set of words

- sets of equal power

- shift compact set
- shift invariant set
- sifted set

- similarily invariant set
- simply connected set - simply ordered set - simply transitive set
- singleton set

- single-valued set

- singular set

- skew set

- solution set

- somewhere dense set

- spanning set

- sparse set

- special set

- spectral set

- splitting set

- stable set

- star set

- star-shaped set

- state set

- stationary set

- stopping set

- stratified set

- strictly bounded set
- strongly bounded set - strongly closed set - strongly compact set - strongly connected set - strongly convex set - strongly dependent set - strongly disjoint sets - strongly enumerable set - strongly independent set - strongly minimal set - strongly polar set - strongly reducible set - strongly separated set - strongly simple set - strongly stratified set
- structured set

- subgeneric set

- subinvariant set

- subjective set

- subtotal cluster set

- sufficient set

- summable set

- superarithmetical set

- superficial cluster set

- superposable set

- supersparse set

- symmetrical set

- taboo set

- tame set

- tangential cluster set
- tautologically complete set - tautologically consistent set - tautologically inconsistent set
- tensorial set

- terminal set

- ternary set

- test set

- thick set

- thin set

- tie set

- tight set

- time set

- topologically equivalent sets

- topologically free set

- topologized set

- total set

- totally bounded set
- totally disconnected set - totally imperfect set - totally ordered set - totally primitive set - totally unimodular set - totally unordered set
- transcendent set

- transfer set

- transformation set

- transitivity set

- transverse set

- trigonalizable set

- truncation set

- truth set

- truth-table complete set
- truth-table reducible set
- two-element set

- two-sided set

- ultimately periodic set

- ultrafiltered set

- unbounded set

- uncertainty set

- unconnected set

- uncountable set

- underlying set

- unglued set

- unicity set

- unidentifiable set

- unification set

- uniform set

- uniformly attracting set
- uniformly bounded set - uniformly continuous set - uniformly convergent set - uniformly integrable set - uniformly universal set - unilaterally connected set
- unit set

- unitary set

- unit-productive set

- universal set

- universally measurable set

- unlimited set

- unordered set

- unrecognizable set

- unsparse set

- unstable set

- unstructured set

- vacant set
- vacuous set
- vector set

- vertex set

- void set

- weakly bounded set
- weakly compact set - weakly convex set - weakly n-dimensional set - weakly stratified set - weakly wandering set - well chained set - well founded set - well measurable set - well ordering set - well quasiordered set
- well-ordered set

- zero-dimensional set

English-Russian scientific dictionary > set
20 turn

turn ⇒ Street directions

A n

1 (opportunity, in rotation) tour m ; to wait one's turn attendre son tour ; it's my turn gen c'est mon tour ; ( in game) c'est à moi de jouer ; whose turn is it? gen c'est à qui le tour? ; ( in game) c'est à qui de jouer? ; ‘miss a turn’ ‘passez votre tour’ ; to be sb's turn to do être à qn or au tour de qn de faire ; it's your turn to make the coffee c'est à toi or à ton tour de faire le café ; it was his turn to feel rejected il se sentait rejeté à son tour ; to have a turn on or at or with the computer utiliser l'ordinateur à son tour ; to have a turn at driving prendre son tour de conduite ; to take turns at doing, to take it in turns to do faire qch à tour de rôle ; to do sth turn and turn about faire qch à tour de rôle ; take it in turns! chacun son tour! ; by turns tour à tour ; to feel happy and depressed by turns être tour à tour heureux et malheureux ; to speak out of turn fig commettre un impair ; I hope I haven't spoken out of turn j'espère ne pas avoir commis d'impair ;

2 ( circular movement) tour m ; to give sth a turn tourner qch ; to give sth half a turn to the left faire tourner qch d'un demi-tour vers la gauche ; to do a turn [dancer] faire un tour ; to take a turn in the park faire un tour dans le parc ;

3 ( in vehicle) virage m ; a 90° turn un virage à 90° ; to make ou do a left/right turn tourner à gauche/à droite ; to do a turn in the road faire un demi-tour ; ‘no left turn’ ‘défense de tourner à gauche’ ;

4 (bend, side road) tournant m, virage m ; there's a left turn ahead il y a un tournant or virage à gauche plus loin ; brake before you go into the turn freinez avant de prendre le virage ; take the next right turn, take the next turn on the right prenez la prochaine (rue) à droite ;

5 (change, development) tournure f ; the turn of events la tournure des événements ; this is an extraordinary turn of events les événements ont pris une tournure extraordinaire ; to take an encouraging/a worrying turn [events] prendre une tournure encourageante/inquiétante ; to take a turn for the better [person, situation] s'améliorer ; [things, events] prendre une meilleure tournure ; to take a turn for the worse [situation] se dégrader ; [health] s'aggraver ; she has taken a turn for the worse elle va de plus en plus mal ; to be on the turn [luck, milk] commencer à tourner ; [tide] commencer à changer ; ⇒ century ;

6 ○ GB ( attack) crise f, attaque f ; she's had one of her turns again elle a eu une nouvelle crise or attaque ; a giddy ou dizzy turn un vertige ; to have a funny turn se sentir tout/-e chose ○ ; it gave me quite a turn, it gave me a nasty turn ça m'a fait un coup ○ ;

7 ( act) numéro m ; a comic/variety turn un numéro comique/de variété ; to do a/one's turn faire un/son numéro.

B in turn adv phr

1 ( in rotation) [answer, speak] à tour de rôle ; she spoke to each of us in turn elle nous a parlé chacun à notre tour ;

2 ( linking sequence) à son tour ; this in turn leads to higher inflation ceci à son tour fait augmenter l'inflation ; I invited Andrew who in turn invited Robert j'ai invité Andrew qui à son tour a invité Robert.

C vtr

1 ( rotate) [person] tourner [knob, wheel, handle] ; serrer [screw] ; [mechanism] faire tourner [cog, wheel] ; to turn sth to the right/left tourner qch vers la droite/gauche ; to turn sth to ‘on’/‘off’ tourner qch sur (la position) ‘marche’/‘arrêt’ ; to turn a switch through 90 degrees faire tourner un sélecteur de 90 degrés ; to turn sth halfway/the wrong way tourner qch d'un demi-tour/dans le mauvais sens ; to turn the key in the door ou lock ( lock up) fermer la porte à clé ; ( unlock) tourner la clé dans la serrure ; to turn the key on sb enfermer qn à clé ;

2 (turn over, reverse) retourner [mattress, soil, steak, collar] ; tourner [page] ; to turn sb onto his side/back retourner qn sur le côté/dos ; to turn one's ankle se tordre la cheville ; it turns my stomach cela me soulève le cœur, cela m'écœure ;

3 ( change direction of) tourner [chair, head, face, car] ; to turn a picture to the wall tourner un tableau face au mur ; to turn one's face towards tourner le visage vers ; to turn one's steps towards tourner or diriger ses pas vers ; to turn one's attention ou mind to tourner son attention vers ; to turn one's back on lit tourner le dos à [group, place] ; fig laisser tomber [friend, ally] ; abandonner [homeless, needy] ; as soon as my back is turned lit, fig dès que j'ai le dos tourné ; to turn one' s back on the past tourner la page ; to turn sb from one's door chasser qn ;

4 (focus, direction of) to turn sth on sb braquer qch sur qn [gun, hose, torch] ; fig diriger qch sur qn [anger, scorn] ;

5 ( transform) to turn sth white/black blanchir/noircir qch ; to turn sth milky/opaque rendre qch laiteux/opaque ; to turn sth into transformer qch en [office, car park, desert] ; to turn water into ice/wine changer de l'eau en glace/vin ; to turn a book into a film adapter un livre pour l'écran ; turn your old newspapers into cash! convertissez vos vieux journaux en argent! ; to turn sb into [magician] changer qn en [frog] ; [experience] faire de qn [extrovert, maniac] ; it turned him from a normal child into a delinquent cela a transformé l'enfant normal qu'il était en délinquant ; to stand there as if turned to stone rester là comme pétrifié ;

6 ( deflect) détourner [person, conversation] ; to turn the conversation towards ou onto sth détourner or faire dévier la conversation vers qch ; to turn sb from a course of action/from her purpose détourner qn d'une ligne de conduite/de son but ;

7 ○ ( pass the age of) he has turned 50 il a 50 ans passés ; she has just turned 20/30 elle vient d'avoir 20/30 ans ; as soon as I turn 18 dès que j'aurai mes 18 ans ; it's just turned five o'clock il est cinq heures passées ;

8 Ind ( on lathe) tourner [wood, piece, spindle] ;

9 fig ( fashion) to turn an elegant sentence tourner une phrase élégante ;

10 ( in espionage) retourner [spy, agent].

D vi

1 ( change direction) [person, car, plane, road] tourner ; [ship] virer ; to turn (to the) left/right tourner à gauche/droite ; to turn to the east/the west tourner à l'est/l'ouest ; to turn down ou into tourner dans [street, alley] ; to turn off quitter [main road, street] ; to turn towards tourner en direction de [village, mountains] ; I turned towards home j'ai repris le chemin de la maison ; her thoughts turned to her family ses pensées se sont tournées vers sa famille ; the conversation turned to Ellie on en est venu/ils en sont venus à parler d'Ellie ; he later turned to teaching plus tard il s'est tourné vers l'enseignement ;

2 ( reverse direction) [person, vehicle] faire demi-tour ; [tide] changer ; [luck] tourner ; there's no room for the bus to turn le bus n'a pas assez de place pour faire demi- tour ; ‘no turning’ ( in driveway) ‘propriété privée, défense d'entrer’ ; ⇒ turn around ;

3 ( revolve) [key, wheel, planet] tourner ; [person] se tourner (to, towards vers) ; to turn on its axis tourner sur son axe ; a key turned in the lock une clé a tourné dans la serrure ; to turn in one's chair se retourner dans sa chaise ; to turn and face the camera se tourner vers la caméra ; to turn and walk out of the room faire demi-tour et sortir de la pièce ; to turn to do se retourner pour faire ; to turn to face sth se retourner vers qch ; to turn and fight se retourner pour se battre ; to turn to lie on one's side se tourner pour se mettre sur le côté ; I turned once again to my book/my work j'ai repris encore une fois ma lecture/mon travail ;

4 fig ( hinge) to turn on [argument] tourner autour de [point, issue] ; [outcome] dépendre de [factor] ;

5 ( spin round angrily) to turn on sb [dog] attaquer qn ; [person] se retourner contre qn ;

6 fig (resort to, rely on) to turn to se tourner vers [person, religion] ; to turn to drink se mettre à boire ; to turn to drugs commencer à se droguer ; to turn to sb for se tourner vers qn pour demander [help, advice, money] ; I don't know who to turn to for advice je ne sais vers qui me tourner pour demander conseil ; I don't know where ou which way to turn je ne sais plus où donner la tête ○ ;

7 ( change) to turn into [tadpole] se transformer en [frog] ; [sofa] se transformer en [bed] ; [situation, evening] tourner à [farce, disaster] ; [conversation] tourner à [shouting match] ; ( magically) [person] se transformer en [animal, prince etc] ; to turn to [substance] se changer en [ice, gold etc] ; [fear, surprise] faire place à [horror, relief] ; his hopes had turned to dust ses espoirs étaient réduits en poussière ;

8 ( become by transformation) devenir [pale, cloudy, green] ; to turn white/black/red gen blanchir/noircir/rougir ; Chem virer au blanc/noir/rouge ; the weather is turning cold/warm le temps se rafraîchit/se réchauffe ; events turned tragic les événements ont tourné au tragique ;

9 ○ ( have change of heart) devenir [Conservative, Communist] ; businesswoman turned politician ancienne femme d'affaires devenue politicienne ; to turn ○ Catholic/Muslim se convertir au catholicisme/à l'islam ; to turn traitor se mettre à trahir ;

10 ( go sour) [milk] tourner ;

11 [trees, leaves] jaunir.

Idioms

at every turn à chaque instant, à tout moment ; one good turn deserves another Prov c'est un prêté pour un rendu ; to be done to a turn être cuit à point ; to do sb a good turn rendre un service à qn ; to feel another turn of the screw sentir la pression augmenter encore.

Phrasal verbs

■ turn about faire demi-tour ; about turn! Mil demi-tour droite!

■ turn against:

▶ turn against [sb/sth] se retourner contre ;

▶ turn [sb] against retourner [qn] contre [person, ideology].

■ turn around:

▶ turn around

1 ( to face other way) [person] se retourner, faire demi-tour (to do pour faire) ; [bus, vehicle] faire demi-tour ;

2 fig you can't just turn around and say you've changed your mind tu ne peux pas tout simplement dire que tu as changé d'avis ; what if he just turns around and says no? et si jamais il disait non? ;

3 (revolve, rotate) [object, windmill, dancer] tourner ;

4 ( change trend) the market has turned around il y a eu un renversement de situation sur le marché ; sales have turned round il y a eu un renversement de tendance dans les ventes ;

5 Transp ( unload and reload) décharger et charger ;

▶ turn [sth] around, turn around [sth]

1 ( to face other way) tourner [qch] dans l'autre sens [car, chair, piano, head, baby] ;

2 ( reverse decline in) redresser [situation, economy, company] ; redresser la situation de [political party, factory] ;

3 Transp ( unload and reload) décharger et mettre en état de repartir [plane, ship] ; the plane can be turned around in an hour l'avion peut être déchargé et prêt à reprendre l'air en une heure ;

4 ( rephrase) reformuler [question, sentence].

■ turn aside se détourner (from de).

■ turn away:

▶ turn away se détourner ; to turn away in disgust/horror se détourner avec dégoût/horreur ;

▶ turn [sth] away, turn away [sth] détourner [head, torch] ;

▶ turn [sb] away, turn away [sb] refuser [spectator, applicant] ; ne pas laisser entrer [salesman, caller] ; chasser [beggar] ; I was turned away from the Ritz on ne m'a pas laissé entrer au Ritz.

■ turn back:

▶ turn back

1 ( turn around) ( usu on foot) rebrousser chemin ; ( usu in vehicle) faire demi-tour ; it's too late to turn back lit il est trop tard pour faire demi-tour ; fig il est trop tard pour revenir en arrière ; there's no turning back fig il n'est pas question de revenir en arrière ;

2 ( in book) revenir (to à) ;

▶ turn [sth] back, turn back [sth]

1 ( rotate backwards) reculer [dial, clock] ; to turn one's watch back five minutes retarder sa montre de cinq minutes ;

2 ( fold back) rabattre [sheet, lapel] ; replier [corner, page] ;

▶ turn [sb] back, turn back [sb] faire faire demi-tour à, refouler [marchers, refugees, heavy vehicles] ; to be turned back at the border être refoulé à la frontière.

■ turn down:

▶ turn down [graph, curve] descendre ; his mouth turns down at the corners il a une bouche aux commissures tombantes ;

▶ turn [sth] down, turn down [sth]

1 ( reduce) baisser [volume, radio, heating, light, gas] ;

2 ( fold over) rabattre [sheet, collar] ; retourner [corner of page] ; corner [page] ;

▶ turn [sb/sth] down, turn down [sb/sth] refuser [suitor, candidate, request, application] ; rejeter [offer, suggestion].

■ turn in:

▶ turn in

1 ○ ( go to bed) aller se coucher ;

2 ( point inwards) his toes turn in il a les pieds tournés en dedans ; to turn in on itself [leaf, page] se recroqueviller ; to turn in on oneself fig se replier sur soi-même ;

▶ turn in [sth], turn [sth] in ○

1 ( hand in) rendre [membership, badge, homework] ;

2 ( produce) to turn in a profit rapporter un bénéfice ; to turn in a good performance [player] bien jouer ; [company] avoir de bons résultats ; [currency, share] augmenter ;

3 (give up, stop) laisser tomber ○ [job, activity] ;

▶ turn [sb] in, turn in [sb] livrer [suspect] (to à) ;

▶ turn oneself in se livrer.

■ turn off:

▶ turn off

1 ( leave road) tourner ; turn off at the next exit prends la prochaine sortie ;

2 [motor, fan] s'arrêter ; where does the light turn off? où est-ce qu'on éteint la lumière? ;

▶ turn off [sth], turn [sth] off éteindre [light, oven, TV, radio, computer] ; fermer [tap] ; couper [water, gas, electricity, engine] ; turn that rubbish off! ○ éteins-moi ça! ○ ;

▶ turn [sb] off ○ rebuter, dégoûter ○ ; to turn sb off sth dégoûter qn de [sex, food].

■ turn on:

▶ turn on [oven, device] s'allumer ;

▶ turn on [sth], turn [sth] on allumer [light, oven, TV, radio, computer, gas, electricity] ; ouvrir [tap] ; to turn the water back on rouvrir l'eau ; to turn the electricity back on rétablir le courant ; to turn sth on like a tap fig faire qch sur commande ; to turn on the pressure fig mettre la pression ; ⇒ charm, heat ;

▶ turn [sb] on, turn on [sb] ○ exciter ; to be turned on être excité (by par) ; to turn sb on to sth ○ brancher ○ qn sur [drug].

■ turn out:

▶ turn out

1 ( be eventually) to turn out well/badly bien/mal se terminer ; to turn out differently prendre une tournure différente ; to turn out all right s'arranger ; it depends how things turn out cela dépend de la façon dont les choses vont tourner ; that child will turn out badly cet enfant tournera mal ; to turn out to be ( prove to be) se révéler, s'avérer être ; to turn out to be wrong se révéler faux ; the job turned out (to be) difficult finalement le travail a été difficile, le travail s'est avéré difficile fml ; it turned out to be a good decision finalement cela a été une bonne décision, cela s'est avéré être une bonne décision fml ; it turns out that il se trouve que, il s'avère que ; it turned out (that) she knew him il s'est trouvé qu'elle le connaissait ; as it turned out en fin de compte ;

2 ( come out) [crowd, people] venir (to do pour faire ; for à) ; the fans turn out every Saturday les fans sont là tous les samedis ; we had to turn out at six GB il fallait être là à six heures ;

3 ( point outwards) his toes ou feet turn out il a les pieds tournés en dehors ;

▶ turn [sth] out, turn out [sth]

1 ( turn off) éteindre [light] ;

2 ( empty) retourner, vider [pocket, bag] ; Culin démouler [mousse, mould] ;

3 ( produce) fabriquer [goods] ; former [scientists, graduates] ; sortir [novel, script, poem] ;

4 to turn one's toes ou feet out marcher en canard ;

▶ turn [sb] out, turn out [sb]

1 ( evict) mettre [qn] à la porte ; to turn sb out into the street jeter qn à la rue ;

2 GB ( send) envoyer [guard, police, troops].

■ turn over:

▶ turn over

1 ( roll over) [person] se retourner ; [car] se retourner, faire un tonneau ; [boat] se retourner, chavirer ; to turn over and over [person, object] faire plusieurs tours ; [car] faire plusieurs tonneaux ;

2 ( turn page) tourner la page ;

3 [engine] se mettre en marche ;

▶ turn [sth/sb] over, turn over [sth/sb]

1 ( turn) tourner [page, paper] ; retourner [card, object, mattress, soil, baby, patient] ; faire chavirer [ship] ; he turned the car over sa voiture a fait un tonneau ;

2 ( hand over) remettre [object, money, find, papers] (to à) ; livrer [person, fugitive] (to à) ; remettre la succession de [company, business] (to à) ; transmettre [control, power] (to à) ; I'm turning the new recruits over to you les nouvelles recrues sont à vous ;

3 ( reflect) I've been turning it over in my mind j'y ai bien réfléchi ;

4 ○ GB ( rob) cambrioler [shop, place] ; I have been turned over on m'a cambriolé ;

5 Fin ( have turnover of) [company] faire un chiffre d'affaires de [amount] ;

6 [battery, starter motor] faire tourner [engine].

■ turn round GB = turn around.

■ turn to† GB se mettre au travail, s'y mettre.

■ turn up:

▶ turn up

1 (arrive, show up) arriver, se pointer ○ (to, at à ; for pour) ; to turn up late arriver en retard ; to turn up in jeans se pointer ○ en jean ; she didn't turn up elle ne s'est pas pointée ○ ; guess who turned up at the station devine qui s'est pointé ○ à la gare ;

2 ( be found) don't worry-it will turn up ne t'inquiète pas-tu finiras par le retrouver ;

3 ( present itself) [opportunity, job] se présenter ; something will turn up (for me/for you etc) je finirai/tu finiras etc par trouver quelque chose ;

4 ( point up) [corner, edge] se remonter, être relevé ; his nose turns up il a le nez retroussé ;

5 ( take upturn) [economy, market] se redresser ; [investment, sales, profits] remonter ;

▶ turn up [sth], turn [sth] up

1 (increase, intensify) augmenter [heating, lighting, volume, gas] ; mettre [qch] plus fort [TV, radio, music] ;

2 ( point up) remonter, relever [collar] ; a turned-up nose un nez retroussé ; ⇒ nose ;

3 ( discover) déterrer [buried object] ; [person] dénicher ○ [discovery, information] ; facts turned up by the inquiry faits révélés or mis au jour par l'enquête.

Big English-French dictionary > turn

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См. также в других словарях:

empty — [emp′tē] adj. emptier, emptiest [ME emti & (with intrusive p ) empti < OE æmettig, unoccupied, lit., at leisure < æmetta, leisure (< æ , without + base of motan, to have to: see MUST1) + ig, Y2] 1. containing nothing; having nothing in… … English World dictionary
Empty — Emp ty, v. i. 1. To discharge itself; as, a river empties into the ocean. [1913 Webster] 2. To become empty. The chapel empties. B. Jonson. [1913 Webster] … The Collaborative International Dictionary of English
Empty set — ∅ redirects here. For similar looking symbols, see Ø (disambiguation). The empty set is the set containing no elements. In mathematics, and more specifically set theory, the empty set is the unique set having no elements; its size or cardinality… … Wikipedia
empty — I. adjective (emptier; est) Etymology: Middle English, from Old English ǣmettig unoccupied, from ǣmetta leisure, perhaps from ǣ without + metta (probably akin to mōtan to have to) more at must Date: before 12th century 1. a. containing nothing … New Collegiate Dictionary
empty — adj., v., & n. adj. (emptier, emptiest) 1 containing nothing. 2 (of a house etc.) unoccupied or unfurnished. 3 (of a transport vehicle etc.) without a load, passengers, etc. 4 a meaningless, hollow, insincere (empty threats; an empty gesture). b… … Useful english dictionary
empty — adjective (emptier, emptiest) 1》 containing nothing; not filled or occupied. ↘Mathematics (of a set) containing no members or elements. 2》 (of words or a gesture) lacking sincerity. 3》 having no value or purpose. verb (empties, emptying,… … English new terms dictionary
Empty Spaces (SR-71 song) — Infobox Single Name = Empty Spaces Artist = SR 71 from Album = Now You See Inside Released =2000 Recorded = 2000 Genre = Alternative rock Length = 4:28 (Album version) 3:38 (Radio edit) Label = RCA Writer = Mitch Allan Empty Spaces is a song… … Wikipedia
empty space — Ether E ther ([=e] th[ e]r), n. [L. aether, Gr. a iqh r, fr. a i qein to light up, kindle, burn, blaze; akin to Skr. idh, indh, and prob. to E. idle: cf. F. [ e]ther.] [Written also {[ae]ther}.] 1. (Physics) A medium of great elasticity and… … The Collaborative International Dictionary of English
The Adventure of the Empty House — The Adventure of the Empty House, one of the 56 Sherlock Holmes short stories written by British author Sir Arthur Conan Doyle, is one of 13 stories in the cycle collected as The Return of Sherlock Holmes .ynopsisContextThis is the first Holmes… … Wikipedia
Manufacturer's Weight Empty — (MWE) (also known as Manufacturer s Empty Weight (MEW) is the weight of the aircraft as built and includes the weight of the structure, power plant, furnishings, installations, systems and other equipment that are considered an integral part of… … Wikipedia
A Graveyard of Empty Bottles — Infobox Album | Name = A Graveyard of Empty Bottles Type = studio Artist = The Dogs D Amour Released = 1989 Recorded = Genre = Rock, Blues Length = Label = China Records Producer = [http://www.dearnley.com/ Mark Dearnley] The Dogs D Amour Reviews … Wikipedia

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